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Copyright, 1895, 
bv Dimitl James Sheeliv O'Coniiell. 



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•F?OOT & KEATING -BUIUDING 



PUBLISHERS OF 

THE GREATESl SCTENTIFW WORK OF THE AGE 
A BOOK OF 400 PAGES, PROVING 

THE EARTH TO BE FLAT. 

ENDORSED BY THE ABLEST SCIENTISTS, CHALLENGING ANY 
PROFESSOR TO YET PRODUCE THE FIRST MATTER-OF-FACT 
PROOF TO THE CONTRARY. THIS WORK REFUTES EVERY 
OPPOSITION THEORY, AND IS ACCOMPANIED BY A RICHLY 
COLORED MAP 15x22, DESTINED TO BECOME THE STANDARD 
MAP OF OUR SCHOOL SYSTEM. 

PRICE FOR BOOK AND MAP $1. 



''NEW YORK STATE." 

Originally the heritage of the Iroquois or Five Na- 
tions is bounded on the north by the river Saint 
BouNDARiFS Lawrence and Lake Ontario, east by Vermont, 
Massachusetts and Connecticut, south by the At- 
lantic Ocean, New Jersey and Pennsylvania and 
west by Lake Erie and the Niagara River. 

Length from east to west ( Long Island included) 
CoMPARiTivri Size 412 miles; extreme breadth 31 1 miles, area 49,170 
IN Europe. square miles — united areas Holland, Belgium and 
Greece. Population about 7,000,000. 

Maratime and Extent of Coast Line (Long Island included) 246 
Lake Extent, miles; of Lake Shore 352 miles. 

Agriculture forms the staple wealth of the state — 
Agricultural the valleys of the Mohawk, tha Seneca and the 
Districts. Genesee being among the most fertile tracts in the 
Union in point of adaptation to cereal production. 

^Manufactures are most extensive embracing every 
Manufactures, branch of mechanical industry — estimated to aver- 
age an annual value of 1750,000,000. 

Among the great public works belonging to the 
Public Works state are the Erie, Champlain and Oswego Canals, 
besides several inland artificial watercourses aggre- 
gating in the whole a length of about 900 miles. 

^, , The climate though healthy, is severe in the north, 

v^LIMATE. i^y^ j^-ijjji jj^ ^Y\e south. Winters about the same as 

Sweden in Europe. 

Remarkable for the beautiful scenery of its lakes. 
Physical Feat- rivers and waterfalls. Excells in the value of its 
URES, farms and manufactures; also in the quantity of 

butter, cheese and hay produced. 

Popularly styled "The Empire State" being the 
most important, most populous and industrial State 
in the Union. 

\uc^r'r^ Cash capital paid in 561 banks and 16 trust com- 

WRALTH. panies 1224,552,660. 



Cheese aiifl butter making form an important and 
Rural Industry, lucrative element of rural industry; wool and hops 
leading items of production. 

CHIEF CITIES. 

The Legislative Capital since 1797 celeVirated for 
its Library and Educational Establishments: — The 
Albany. 97,120. University, Dudley Observatory &c. 
(W.B.Hudson.) Has extensive manufactures of iron and hollow 
ware, malt, leather, coaches &c. formerly called 
"Fort Orange" by the Dutch in 1623. 

The Metropolitan Capital is the largest and most 
commercial city in the Union, being the American 
emporium of political, social, monetary and 
conmiercial life. Its industry consists of extensive 
conmierce with all the chief ports of the world, 
manufacturers of steam machinery, shipbuilding, 
clothing &c. The streets are wide, public build- 
ings elegant, shops and hotels exquisite. INIost 
New York notable public buildings include the City Hall, 
,, ' Court House, Stock Exchange, Custom House, 

1,^01,740. p^^^ Office, U. S. Sub Treasury Building, National 

Manhattan Island. Academy of Design, Metropolitan Mu.seum of Art, 
( The original Dix- Museum of Natural History, Saint Patrick's Roman 
evsLand.) Catholic Cathedral, Grace and Trinity Episcopal 

Churches. Latitude 40° 42' 43'' north, Longitude 
74° o^ 3'' West Greenwich. Rlean Winter Temper- 
ature 30°, Mean Summer Temperature 71°, Mean 
Annual Temperature 51° — same as Philadelphia, 
London, Paris and Vienna. Average annual rain- 
fall 44 inches. 

Distance to Albany 145 miles, Boston 217 miles, 
Philadelphia 89 miles, Washington 22S miles. 
Taken by the British 1776. Evacuated 1783, 

Styled the ' City of Churches" is the principal 
naval station and has a white marble City Hall. 
Brooklyn, The Polytecnic Institute and Adelphi Academy are 
QS" i6'; well worthy of note. Ranks among the first cities 

IT \ '" the Union in the extent and diversity of its man- 

(LONG ISLAND.) ufacturing interests. Settled in 1625 by Huguenots 
from the French Netherlands. Greenwood Ceme- 
tery here situated vies with the finest of its kin4 
in the country. 



One of the chief grain emporiums of the U. S. and 
a great railway centre, is noted for its handsome 
parks, fine public buildings and charitable institu- 
tions, excellent schools and elegant private man- 
sions. The leading industries are railroad car 
l)uilding, car wheels, agricultural, surgical and 
dental instruments, engines and boilers, soap, boots 
Buffalo, 335.7 io, ^^^(\ shoes, flour, furniture, ship building and elec- 
(Lake Erie. ) trical appliances, Its electrotyping establishments 
vie with the finest in the country. The growth of 
this city is truly phenomenal. A trappers settle- 
ment in 1795; a village in 1804; taken and burnt 
bv the British Troops in 1S12; a city in 1832. Pop- 
uiarlv stvled "The Queen City of the Lakes". 
Latitude 42° 53^ north. Longitude 78° 55^ west. 



Rochester, 

135.320, 
(Genesee River. 



With a Uuiversitv, Theological Seminary and a 
State Industrial School is the chief seat of the U.S. 
flouring trade. Its manufactures of woolen, cotten 
goods, leather and iron are quite extensive. Near 
here was born Mr. J. L.McCreery the Gifted Author 
and Sweet Poet in 1835. 



Is engaged in the manufacture of agricultural 

instruments, carriages &c. Seatof a United States 

Syracuse, Arsenal also the New^ York State Asylum for Idiots. 

100,180. Its salt .springs which are of some note have been 

known since 1788. 



Troy, 60,960 
(Hudson.) 



The seat of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is 
noted for its extensive laundries, shirt factories, 
iron and steel works, locomotive engine factories 
&c. Ranks first in the production of stoves 



UTic\ so 000 The seat of the State Lunatic Asylum, carries on 
[Mohawk Riven] ^ l^^g^ trade in cheese. 



BiNGHAMTON, >^Toted for its boot and shoe factories, manufactures 
38,620, ^j farming implements &c., carries on an active 

[Chenango and Sus ^^^^^ -^^ j.^j„ a„,| lumber, 
quehannah Rivers] 



Long Island City Has extensive oil refineries, lumber yards, terra 
38,000. cotta works &c besides several large piano factories. 

^ A fine and flourishing citv, has extensive breweries 

JiLMiRA, 36,420, ^j^^j j^^j^j^gj.jgg The seat of a Female College and 
[Chemung River.] ^ g^^^^ Reformatorv. 



YoNKKRS, 32,050, Is engaged in the manufacture of carpets, ribbons 
[E. B. Hudson'.] and felthats. 

With a Theological College and a State Prison is 
Auburn, 24,740, engaged in carpet making, agricultural instrument 
[Near Owasco L 1 manufactures &c. Its limestone quarries are 
favorably known. 



Trades in lumber and farm produce. Washington 's 
NKWBURG, 23, 100, j,g3f| quarters for a considerable time during the 
[W, B. Hudson.] Revolutionary period. 

Seat of a State Normal School, has the largest 
Oswego, 23,070, starch factory in the world. Birth place of Mrs. 
[Oswego River.] Barnes, the Educator and Historian, in 1850. Has 

an extensive trade in coal. 



Schenectady, The Seat of Union University is noted foritsexten- 
22,860 sive locomotive works. The scene of a horrible 

[S.B.MohawkRiv.] massacre, 1690 

PouGHKEEPSiE Has extensive iron furnaces and foundries. The 
2?, 2 10, seat of Vassar College and other important educa- 

(E. BrHudson.) tional institutions. 



Jamestown, a favorite summer resort carries on an active trade 

2i,otK), in farm and dairy produce and has some extensive 

(Chautauqua L.) cotton mills, 

Amsterd.\m, »,,,,., , • c . r 

jt.. Noted for its extensive manufactures of carpets, 

Mohawk River t>roonis, and has some extensive knitting mills. 



LOCKPORT, 18,000. Noted for its flour, lumber, cotton and wollen 
(Erie Canal.) manufactures. 



WateRTOWN, Is principally engaged in the manufacture of .steam 

17.C ■ 

(Black 



17,000, engines and railroad supplies, farming implements 

ack River. 1 and metal work. 



ROMK, 15.000, Noted for its extensive knitting mills and locomo- 
( Mohawk. ) tive factories. 



Glover-sville, 14.700 Has extensive glove, mitten and leather nianu- 
( Fulton Co. ) factures. 



MiDDLKTOVVN, . 

14 000 ^^ ^^^^ centre of a rich stock raising and dair\- dis- 

(OrangeCo. ) ^rict. 

HoRNKI,LSVILr.K, , • , ^ ■, , • i • 1 , 

' An important railway centre is extensively engaged 

r,, • if'"' Ti'- 1 in t^he manufacture of l)raided wire. 
[Canisteo River.] 

Ithica, 13,460, The seat of Cornell ITiiiversity is an important 

[Cayuga Inlet.] railroad centre, with quite an active commerce. 



Oguensburg, Carries on an extensive trade in flour, lumber 
12.000, ^ and grain. 

[St Lawrence Riv.] ^ 

Dunkirk, I2,ocki, A flourishing town and port of entry in Chautau- 
[Lake Erie.] qua Co. Has extensive iron works. 

OlEAN, 12,000, Qjjiefiy noted as an iiiiporlant railroad centre. 
[Alleghany Riv.] 

GlEN,s Falls, With extensive milling business is the chief cheese 
1 1,000, market of the United States and has black marble 

Upper Hudson, quarries of some note in the vicinity. 



Corning, ii,ooo, Is engaged in Hk- iiianufaclure of glassware. Us 
[Chenuuig River.] coal and lumber trade is quite extensive. 

l'l.ATTSBURG, ,,,.^, ^ ^ , , , • , ■ ., , 

jQ Q2S With a state nornuil school is engaged m the lum. 

LLakeChamplain.] '^^^ «"f^ iron industry. 

rTonawan'da Crk.'] ^^^^ '^^ State Institution for Blind. 

Hudson, 10,000, A handsome city noted for its steam engines and 
Hudson River. paper car-wheel manufactures. 



Johnstown, 9,000, ^^ , , , . , , . 

Br.of Mohawk Riv. ^oted for its glove an<l mitten ti 



Br. of Mohaw 

Gknkva, 8,320 A handsome town the seat of Hobart College, and 
Seneca Lake. the State Agricultural Experimental Station. 

Canand.\igu.\, a popular pleasure resort: the l)irth-place of ]\Irs. 
7,900, Ames, the Industrial Reformer, 1S40. Has large 

Canandaigua Lake, ale breweries. 

IlAVKRSTRAW, ^^^^^^ f^j. j^^ extensive 1)rick works. 
5,080, Hudson. 

MalONE, 4,986, Beautifully situated is the seat of the State Deaf 
Adriondack I\Its. Mute Institute. 

Kingston, The centre of the ice industry; trades in blue stone 

W.B.Hudson, and bricks. 

West Point, The Gibralter of America and the seat of a renown- 
Hudson. ^^^ military college. Exclusively the property of 
the U. S. Government. 

Medina, Noted for its vSandstone Quarries. 

Tappan, Where :Major Andre was executed October 2, 1780. 

Where " " " captured vSept. 23, 1780. 



Tarrytown, 
Hudson. 



Sing Sing, Beautifully situated, has fine military schools and 

E. B. Hudson. a state prison. 



West Trov, 
\V. B. Hudson, 



vSeat of Watervlict National Arsenal. 



Oneida. -^^ imjwrtant railroad centre has an active trade 

in hops. 

vSar,a.Tog \ A fashionable watering j)lace where General Bur- 

goyne surrendered in 1777. 

( Hudson. ) ^^ '^^''^* ^^ ashington Irving died November, 1S59. 



MoREAU, Here was formed the first Temperance Society 

(Saratoga County. I the U. S. 



Niagara Falls, The Thousand Island, Schroon Lake, 
Lake Champlain, Portage [Erie Railroad] Trentoi'i 
Falls, Genesee Falls at Rochester, Glens Falls 
[Warren Co.] Cohoes Falls on the Mohawk. Wat- 
NoTED Resorts, kins Glen, Lakewood [Chautauqua Lake], Port 
Jervis [Delaware River | and Port Richmond. 
Lake George a very fashionable resort figures 
prominently in the military record of the "Old 
French Wars" 1755-59. 

:MEDICINAE Saratoga, Balston Spa., New LeI)aiion, Sharon, 
Springs. Avon, Clifton and Richfield. 

sSalt Springs. Syracuse, Salina and Geddes. 

Capital at Albany, vState Prison at Auburn, State 
ChieE Public Lunatic Asylum'at Utica, N. Y. State Asylum 
Institutions. for Lunatics at Syracuse. State Inebriate As'vlum 

at Binghamton. 

Columbia, Union, Hamilton, Hobart, St. Johns 
LducaTional and Genesee Colleges, New York, Madison, Roch- 
SeaTS. ester, Troy, Cornell and Albany Universities. 

Female Ingham, Wells College, Elniira, \'assar and 

Colleges. Barnard. 



HlSTORICAI. 



Lake Champlain discovered, 1609. 

First Colonial Congress met iu New York, 1765. 

First battle of the Revolution fought on Golden 
Hill, New York. 1770. 

Ticondiroga and Crown Point captured by the 
Patriots, 1775. 

General Burgoyne surrenders, 1777. 

Stony Point captured by the British and retaken 
by the Americans, 1779. 

Buffalo, "Queen City of the Lakes" only a Trap- 
pers settlement in 1785. 

Washington inaugaurated President, 1789. 



Notes. New York ceases to be the Nation's Capital, 1790. 

Fulton's Steamer, "The Clemont", proceeds up 
the Hudson to Albany, 1807. 

Erie Canal opened to traffic, 1825. 

First railroad in the state between Alljanv and 
Schenectady begun in 1830, in full operation, 1831. 

New York and Brocklvn bridges opened for traffic, 

1883. 

Great Blizzard in New York and Brooklyn, 1888. 

Electric railway in operation between Buffalo and 
Niagara Falls, 1895 and Buffalo becomes the" Elec- 
tric City." 



r'ublislied bv 



DANIEL J. S. O'CONNELL. 
Theoretical and Practical Accountant, 

79 f^oseville St., BUFFfll^O, N. Y. 



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